Okokuqala, kufuneka sinciphise umda wengxoxo ukuze singayenzi ibe ngqongqo kakhulu. Ijenereyitha ekuthethwe ngayo apha ibhekisa kwijenereyitha ye-AC engenamabhulashi, enamabakala amathathu, emva koko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"generator".
Olu hlobo lwejenereyitha luqulathe ubuncinane amacandelo amathathu aphambili, aza kukhankanywa kwingxoxo elandelayo:
Ijenereyitha ephambili, yahlulwe yaba yi-stator ephambili kunye ne-rotor ephambili; I-rotor ephambili inika intsimi yemagnethi, kwaye i-stator ephambili ivelisa umbane wokubonelela ngomthwalo; I-Exciter, yahlulwe yaba yi-exciter stator kunye ne-rotor; I-exciter stator inika intsimi yemagnethi, i-rotor ivelisa umbane, kwaye emva kokulungiswa yi-commutator ejikelezayo, inika amandla kwi-rotor ephambili; I-Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) ibona i-voltage yokuphuma kwejenereyitha ephambili, ilawula umbane we-exciter stator coil, kwaye ifezekisa injongo yokuzinzisa i-voltage yokuphuma kwe-stator ephambili.
Inkcazo yomsebenzi wokuzinzisa i-voltage ye-AVR
Injongo yokusebenza ye-AVR kukugcina i-voltage ye-generator ezinzileyo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"voltage stabilizer".
Umsebenzi wayo kukunyusa i-stator current ye-exciter xa i-output voltage yejenereyitha iphantsi kunexabiso elibekiweyo, elilingana nokunyusa i-excitation current ye-main rotor, okubangela ukuba i-main generator voltage inyuke iye kwixabiso elibekiweyo; Ngokwahlukileyo koko, yehlisa i-excitation current kwaye uvumele i-voltage inciphe; Ukuba i-output voltage yejenereyitha ilingana nexabiso elibekiweyo, i-AVR igcina i-output ekhoyo ngaphandle kohlengahlengiso.
Ngaphezu koko, ngokwendlela yobudlelwane besigaba phakathi kombane kunye nombane, imithwalo ye-AC inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezintathu:
Umthwalo othintelayo, apho umbane ukwisigaba kunye ne-voltage esetyenzisiweyo kuwo; Umthwalo obangela umbane, isigaba sombane sisemva kwe-voltage; Umthwalo onokubangela umbane, isigaba sombane siphambi kwe-voltage. Uthelekiso lweempawu ezintathu zomthwalo lusinceda siqonde ngcono imithwalo ye-capacitive.
Kwimithwalo yokumelana, umthwalo umkhulu, kokukhona umsinga wokukhupha umbane ufuneka kakhulu kwi-rotor ephambili (ukuze kuzinziswe i-output voltage yejenereyitha).
Kwingxoxo elandelayo, siza kusebenzisa umsinga wokukhupha umoya ofunekayo kwimithwalo yokumelana noxinzelelo njengomgangatho wesalathiso, oko kuthetha ukuba emikhulu ibizwa ngokuba mikhulu; Siyibiza ngokuba mincinci kunayo.
Xa umthwalo wejenereyitha uvuselela, i-rotor ephambili iya kufuna umsinga omkhulu wokuchukumisa ukuze ijenereyitha igcine i-voltage yokuphuma ezinzileyo.
Umthwalo we-capacitive
Xa ijenereyitha idibana nomthwalo we-capacitive, umsinga wokukhupha ofunekayo yi-rotor ephambili uncinci, oko kuthetha ukuba umsinga wokukhupha kufuneka uncitshiswe ukuze kuzinziswe i-output voltage yejenereyitha.
Kutheni oku kwenzeke?
Sisafanele sikhumbule ukuba umbane okwi-capacitive load uphambi kombane, kwaye le mizila iphambili (ehamba kwi-stator ephambili) iya kuvelisa umbane oshukunyiswayo kwi-rotor ephambili, eyenzeka ukuba ifakwe kakuhle kunye nombane oshukumisayo, nto leyo ephucula amandla emagnethi e-rotor ephambili. Ngoko ke umbane ovela kwi-exciter kufuneka uncitshiswe ukuze kugcinwe umbane ophumayo ozinzileyo wejenereyitha.
Okukhona umthwalo we-capacitive umkhulu, kokukhona umveliso we-exciter uncipha; Xa umthwalo we-capacitive unyuka ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, umveliso we-exciter kufuneka uncitshiswe uye kwi-zero. Umphumo we-exciter ngu-zero, ongumlinganiselo wejenereyitha; Kule ndawo, i-voltage yemveliso yejenereyitha ayizukuzinza ngokwayo, kwaye olu hlobo lombane alufanelekanga. Olu thintelo lukwaziwa ngokuba yi-'phantsi kokunciphisa uvuyo'.
Ijenereyitha inokwamkela kuphela umthamo womthwalo olinganiselweyo; (Ewe kona, kwijenereyitha ethile, kukwakho nemida kubungakanani bemithwalo yokumelana okanye yokukhupha amandla.)
Ukuba iprojekthi inengxaki yemithwalo ye-capacitive, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhethe ukusebenzisa imithombo yamandla e-IT ene-capacitance encinci kwi-kilowatt nganye, okanye usebenzise ii-inductors ukuze ufumane imbuyekezo. Musa ukuvumela iseti yejenereyitha isebenze kufutshane nendawo "engaphantsi komda wokukhupha umoya".
Ixesha lokuthumela: Sep-07-2023
