Isicoci somphunga owomileyo, esaziwa ngokuba yi-dry exhaust purifierIsihluzi seDizili seenxalenye (DPF)okanye isixhobo sokucoca umsi omnyama owomileyo, sisixhobo esiphambili esisetyenziselwa ukususa emva konyangoizinto ezincinci (PM), ngakumbiumsi wekhabhoni (umsi omnyama), ukusukaijenereyitha yediziliIsebenza ngokuhluza ngokwasemzimbeni ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kuzo naziphi na izongezo zolwelo, yiyo loo nto igama elithi "eyomileyo."
I. Umgaqo Wokusebenza: Ukuhluza Ngomzimba kunye Nokuhlaziya
Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza ungashwankathelwa njengeenkqubo ezintathu:"Thabatha - Qokelela - Khulisa ngokutsha."
- Ukuthwebula (Ukuhluza):
- Igesi yokukhupha umoya eshushu kakhulu evela kwinjini ingena kwi-purifier ize idlule kwi-filter element eyenziwe nge-ceramic enemingxuma (umz., i-cordierite, i-silicon carbide) okanye isinyithi esitshisiweyo.
- Iindonga zesixhobo sokucoca zigqunywe zii-micropores (ezincinci kune-1 micron), ezivumela iigesi (umz., i-nitrogen, i-carbon dioxide, umphunga wamanzi) ukuba zidlule kodwa zibambe ezinkulu.amasuntswana aqinileyo (umlotha, uthuthu) kunye namaqhezu e-organic anyibilikayo (SOF)ngaphakathi okanye kumphezulu wesihluzo.
- Qokelela:
- Amasuntswana avalelekileyo aqokelelana kancinci kancinci ngaphakathi kwesihluzo, esenza "ikeyiki yesoti." Njengoko ukuqokelelana kusanda, uxinzelelo oluphumayo luyanda kancinci kancinci.
- Vuselela:
- Xa uxinzelelo lwe-exhaust backpressure lufikelela kumda omiselweyo (ochaphazela ukusebenza kwenjini), inkqubo kufuneka iqalise"ukuvuselelwa"inkqubo yokutshisa umsi oqokelelweyo kwisihluzi, ukubuyisela amandla awo okuhluza.
- Ukuhlaziya kwakhona yinkqubo ephambili, ngokuyintloko kufezekiswe ngoku:
- Ukuvuselelwa Okwenziwayo: Xa iseti yejenereyitha isebenza phantsi komthwalo ophezulu, ubushushu bokukhupha umoya buyanyuka ngokwendalo (ngesiqhelo >350°C). Umsi obambekileyo usabela kunye ne-nitrogen oxides (NO₂) kwigesi yokukhupha umoya kwaye uyanyibilika (uyatsha kancinci). Le nkqubo iyaqhubeka kodwa ayihlali ngokwaneleyo ukucoca ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukuvuselelwa Okusebenzayo: Iqalwa ngenkani xa uxinzelelo lwangasemva luphezulu kakhulu kwaye ubushushu bokukhupha umoya bunganele.
- Isixhobo sokutshisa esincediswa yipetroli (i-Burner): Inani elincinci ledizili lifakwa phezulu kwe-DPF kwaye livuthelwe sisitshisi, nto leyo enyusa ubushushu begesi obungena kwi-DPF bufikelele kuma-600°C, nto leyo ebangela ukubola ngokukhawuleza kunye nokutsha komsi.
- Ukuhlaziywa kweHeater yoMbane: Isixhobo sokucoca sifudunyezwa kwindawo yokutsha komsi kusetyenziswa izixhobo zombane zokufudumeza.
- Ukuhlaziywa kweMicrowave: Isebenzisa amandla e-microwave ukufudumeza amasuntswana omsi ngokukhetha.
II. Izinto eziphambili
Inkqubo epheleleyo yokucoca izinto ezomileyo idla ngokuquka:
- Isihluzi se-DPF: Iyunithi yokucoca engundoqo.
- Isixhobo Sokubona Uxinzelelo Oluhlukeneyo (Esiphezulu/Esisezantsi): Ijonga umahluko woxinzelelo kwisihluzo, imisela inqanaba lomthwalo womsi, kwaye iqalise isignali yokuvuselela.
- Izinzwa zobushushu: Jonga amaqondo obushushu okungena/okuphuma ukuze ulawule inkqubo yokuhlaziya nokuthintela umonakalo ogqithisileyo.
- Inkqubo yokuqalisa nokulawula uhlaziyo: Ilawula ngokuzenzekelayo ukuqala nokuyeka kwenkqubo yokuhlaziya ngokusekelwe kwimiqondiso evela kwiinzwa zoxinzelelo kunye nobushushu.
- Isixhobo sokuhlaziya: Ezifana ne-injector yedizili, i-burner, isixhobo sokufudumeza ngombane, njl.njl.
- Umaleko weZindlu kunye noVuselelo: Ukugcina uxinzelelo kunye nokugcina ubushushu.
III. Izinto eziluncedo nezingalunganga
| Iingenelo | Iingxaki |
| Ukusebenza kakuhle kokususa uthuli oluphezulu: Ukusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kokuhluza umsi (umsi omnyama), kunokufikelela kwi->95%, kunciphisa ubumnyama beRingelmann ukuya kwinqanaba le-0-1. | Ukunyusa uxinzelelo lomqolo: Ichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kokuphefumla kwenjini, inokukhokelela ekonyukeni okuncinci kokusetyenziswa kwepetroli (malunga ne-1-3%). |
| Akukho Lulwelo Olusetyenziswayo OlufunekayoNgokungafaniyo ne-SCR (efuna i-urea), ifuna kuphela amandla ombane kunye nedizili encinci ukuze ivuseleleke ngexesha lokusebenza, ngaphandle kweendleko ezongezelelweyo ezisetyenzisiweyo. | Ukugcinwa Kwezinto Ezintsonkothileyo: Ifuna ukucocwa kothuthu rhoqo (ukususwa kothuthu olungatshiyo) kunye nokuhlolwa. Ukuhlaziywa okungaphumeleliyo kunokukhokelela ekuvalekeni kwesihluzo okanye ekunyibilikeni. |
| Ulwakhiwo oluncinci: Le nkqubo ilula kakhulu, inomlinganiselo omncinci, kwaye kulula ukuyifaka. | Iyayiqwalasela iMgangatho yeFuel: Umxholo ophezulu wesalfure kwidizili uvelisa iisulfates, kwaye umxholo ophezulu womlotha ukhawulezisa ukuvaleka kwesihluzo, zombini ezichaphazela ubomi kunye nokusebenza. |
| Ijolise kwi-PM ngokuyintloko: Isixhobo esithe ngqo nesisebenzayo sokusombulula umsi omnyama obonakalayo kunye nezinto ezincinci. | Ayinyangi i-NOx: Ngokuyintloko ijolise kwizinto ezincinci; inefuthe elincinci kwi-nitrogen oxides. Ifuna ukuhlanganiswa nenkqubo ye-SCR ukuze kuthotyelwe ngokupheleleyo. |
| Ifanelekile Ukusebenza Ngexesha Elifutshane: Xa kuthelekiswa ne-SCR efuna iimeko zobushushu ezihlala zihleli, i-DPF iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi. | Utyalo-mali oluphezulu lokuqala: Ingakumbi kwii-cleaners ezisetyenziswa kwiiseti zejenereyitha ezinamandla aphezulu. |
IV. Imizekelo ephambili yokusetyenziswa
- Iindawo ezineeMfuno eziNgqongileyo zokukhupha ukungcola: Amandla okugcina idatha, izibhedlele, iihotele ezikumgangatho ophezulu, izakhiwo zeeofisi, njl.njl., ukuthintela ungcoliseko lomsi omnyama.
- Iindawo zasezidolophini nezinabantu abaninzi: Ukuthobela imithetho yokusingqongileyo yendawo kunye nokuphepha izikhalazo.
- Iiseti zeJeneretha ezifakwe ngaphakathi: Kubalulekile ekucoceni umphunga ukuqinisekisa umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yokungenisa umoya.
- Imizi-mveliso ekhethekileyo: Izikhululo zonxibelelwano, ukumbiwa komhlaba (uhlobo olungenakuqhuma), iinqanawa, amazibuko, njl.njl.
- Njengenxalenye yeNkqubo eDibeneyo: Idityaniswe ne-SCR (yokuhlambulula i-nitrification) kunye ne-DOC (i-Diesel Oxidation Catalyst) ukuze ihlangabezane nemigangatho yeSizwe ye-IV / V okanye ephezulu yokukhupha umbane.
V. Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Ioyile yepetroli kunye neoyile yenjini: Kufuneka isetyenzisweidizili enesalfure esezantsi(kungcono ukuba umxholo wesalfure ube <10ppm) kunyeioyile yenjini enothuthu oluphantsi (udidi lwe-CJ-4 okanye ngaphezulu)I-sulfur eninzi kunye nothuthu zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela ityhefu ye-DPF, ukuvaleka kwayo, kunye nokuncipha kwexesha lokuphila kwayo.
- Iimeko Zokusebenza: Kuphephe ukusebenza ixesha elide kwejenereyitha ebekwe kwimithwalo ephantsi kakhulu. Oku kuphumela kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi okukhupha umbane, kuthintele ukuvuselelwa okwenziwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla amaninzi kwaye kubangele ukuvuselelwa okusebenzayo rhoqo, okusebenzisa amandla amaninzi.
- Ukubeka iliso kunye nokugcinwa:
- Jonga ngokusondeleyouxinzelelo olungasemva lokukhupha umphungakwayeizibane zesalathisi sokuhlaziya.
- Yenza rhoqoinkonzo yokucoca uthuthu yobungcali(usebenzisa umoya ocinezelweyo okanye izixhobo zokucoca ezikhethekileyo) ukususa uthuthu lwesinyithi (icalcium, i-zinc, i-phosphorus, njl.njl.).
- Misela iirekhodi zokugcinwa, ukurekhoda amaxesha okuvuselelwa kwakhona kunye notshintsho kuxinzelelo lomqolo.
- Ukuthelekiswa kweNkqubo: Isicoci kufuneka sikhethwe kwaye sihambelane ngokusekwe kwimodeli ethile yeseti yejenereyitha, ukufuduka, amandla alinganisiweyo, kunye nesantya sokuphuma komoya. Ukudibanisa ngokuchanekileyo kuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nobomi benjini.
- ukhuseleko: Ngexesha lokuvuselelwa, ubushushu bendlu yesicoci buphezulu kakhulu. Ubushushu obufanelekileyo, iimpawu zesilumkiso, kunye nokugcina kude nezinto ezinokutsha kubalulekile.
Isishwankathelo
Isicoci se-dry exhaust (DPF) sisixhobo sokucoca umbane esomileyoiteknoloji esebenza kakuhle kakhulu, esetyenziswa kakhuluukusombululaumsi omnyama obonakalayo kunye nongcoliseko lwezinto ezincinciukusukaiiseti zejenereyitha yediziliIbamba umsi wekhabhoni ngokuhluza ngokwasemzimbeni kwaye isebenza ngokujikeleza ngokuhlaziya ngobushushu obuphezulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngempumelelo kuxhomekeke kakhuluubungakanani obuchanekileyo, umgangatho olungileyo wepetroli, iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza kwejenereyitha, kunye nokugcinwa okungqongqo rhoqoXa ukhetha kwaye usebenzisa i-DPF, kufuneka ithathwe njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yonke yeseti ye-injini-generator.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-16-2025
