Izinto Ezibalulekileyo Eziqwalaselweyo Ngobungakanani BeeSeti ZeJenereyitha ZeDizili Ezithunyelwa Ngaphandle

Xa kuthunyelwa ngaphandle iiseti zejenereyitha yedizili, ubukhulu buyinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela ukuthuthwa, ukufakwa, ukuthobela imithetho, nokunye. Nazi izinto ezineenkcukacha ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe:

1. Imida yoBukhulu boThutho

• Imigangatho yeContainer:
  • Isikhongozeli esingangeenyawo ezingama-20: Ubukhulu bangaphakathi malunga ne-5.9m × 2.35m × 2.39m (L × W × H), ubunzima obuphezulu malunga neetoni ezingama-26.
  • Isikhongozeli esingangeenyawo ezingama-40: Ubukhulu bangaphakathi bumalunga ne-12.03m × 2.35m × 2.39m, ubunzima obuphezulu ~ iitoni ezingama-26 (Ityhubhu ephezulu: 2.69m).
  • Isikhongozeli esivulekileyo phezulu: Sifanelekile kwiiyunithi ezinkulu kakhulu, sifuna ukulayishwa kwekreyini.
  • Irakhi ethe tyaba: Isetyenziselwa iiyunithi ezibanzi kakhulu okanye ezingaqhekekanga.
  • Qaphela: Shiya indawo eyi-10-15cm kwicala ngalinye ukuze upakishe (ikreyithi/ifreyimu yomthi) kwaye uyiqinise.
• Ukuthunyelwa ngobuninzi:
  • Iiyunithi ezinkulu kakhulu zingadinga ukuthunyelwa nge-breakbulk; jonga ubungakanani bokuphakamisa ii-port (umz., imida yokuphakama/yobunzima).
  • Qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ziyathululwa kwizibuko ekuyiwa kulo (umz., iikhreyini zaselunxwemeni, iikhreyini ezidadayo).
• Uthutho lweNdlela/uLoliwe:
  • Jonga imiqathango yendlela kumazwe okuthutha abantu (umz., iYurophu: ukuphakama okuphezulu ~4m, ububanzi ~3m, imida yomthwalo wee-axle).
  • Uthutho lwezithuthi zikaloliwe kufuneka luhambelane nemigangatho ye-UIC (International Union of Railways).

2. Ubungakanani beJenereyitha vs. Isiphumo samandla

• Umlinganiselo oQhelekileyo woBukhulu kunye naMandla:
  • 50-200kW: Ngokwesiqhelo ingena kwisikhongozeli esingama-20ft (L 3-4m, W 1-1.5m, H 1.8-2m).
  • 200-500kW: Isenokufuna isitya esingange-40ft okanye ukuthunyelwa kwe-breakbulk.
  • >500kW: Idla ngokuthunyelwa nge-breakbulk, mhlawumbi isusiwe.
• Uyilo oluSetyenzisiweyo:
  • Iiyunithi ezinoxinano oluphezulu (umz., iimodeli ezingathethiyo) zinokuba ncinci ngakumbi kodwa zifuna ulawulo lobushushu.

3. Iimfuno zeNdawo yoFakelo

• Ukususwa kwesiseko:
  • Vumela i-0.8-1.5m ijikeleze iyunithi ukuze ilungiswe; i-1-1.5m ngaphezulu ukuze kungene umoya/i-crane.
  • Nika imizobo yokufakela eneendawo zebholithi ye-anchor kunye neenkcukacha zokuthwala umthwalo (umz., ubukhulu besiseko sekhonkrithi).
• Umoya opholileyo kunye nokuphola:
  • Uyilo lwegumbi lenjini kufuneka luhambelane ne-ISO 8528, luqinisekise ukuhamba komoya (umz., ukuvuleka kweradiator ≥1m ukusuka eludongeni).

4. Ukupakishwa kunye noKhuseleko

• Ukuthintela ukufuma kunye nokuphazamiseka komothuko:
  • Sebenzisa upakisho oluchasene nokugqwala (umz., ifilimu yeVCI), izinto zokususa uthuli, kunye nokuthintela ukushukuma (iintambo + isakhelo somthi).
  • Qinisekisa izinto ezinobuthathaka (umz., iiphaneli zolawulo) ngokwahlukeneyo.
• Ilebheli Ecacileyo:
  • Phawula iziko lomxhuzulane, iindawo zokuphakamisa (umz., ii-top lugs), kunye neendawo eziphezulu zokuthwala umthwalo.

5. Ukuthobela iMithetho yeLizwe ekuyiwa kulo

• Imithetho yoBume:
  • I-EU: Kufuneka ihlangabezane ne-EN ISO 8528; amanye amazwe athintela ubungakanani bekhanophi.
  • UMbindi Mpuma: Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokufuna indawo enkulu yokupholisa.
  • I-USA: I-NFPA 110 iyalela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba akukho zixhobo zokukhusela umlilo.
• Amaxwebhu eSatifikethi:
  • Nika imizobo enobukhulu kunye neetshathi zokusasazwa kobunzima ukuze kuvunywe izithethe/ukufakelwa.

6. Izinto eziqwalaselwayo kuYilo oluKhethekileyo

• Indibano yeModular:
  • Iiyunithi ezinkulu kakhulu zinokwahlulwa (umz., itanki yepetroli yahlulwe kwiyunithi ephambili) ukunciphisa ubungakanani bokuthunyelwa.
• Iimodeli Ezithuleyo:
  • Izivalo ezingangeni ngxolo zingongeza ivolumu engama-20-30%—cacisa abathengi kwangaphambili.

7. Ukubhala amaxwebhu kunye neelebheli

• Uluhlu lokuPakisha: Ubungakanani beenkcukacha, ubunzima, kunye nomxholo kwibhokisi nganye.
• Iilebheli Zesilumkiso: Umzekelo, “Umxhuzulane ongekho embindini,” “Musa ukuqokelelana” (ngolwimi lwasekuhlaleni).

8. Ulungelelwaniso lwezoThutho

• Qinisekisa ngabathumeli bempahla:
  • Ingaba kufuneka iimvume zokuthutha ezinkulu na.
  • Iintlawulo zezibuko lendawo oya kuyo (umz., iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo zeelifti ezinzima).

Uluhlu lokujonga olubalulekileyo

1. Qinisekisa ukuba ubungakanani obupakishiweyo buyahambelana na nemida yesikhongozeli.
2. Hlola ngokunqamla imiqathango yezothutho lwendlela/uloliwe oya kulo.
3. Nika izicwangciso zoyilo lofakelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yomthengi iyahambelana.
4. Qinisekisa ukuba ukupakisha kuyahlangabezana nemigangatho ye-IPPC yokufutha (umz., iinkuni ezicocwa ngobushushu).

Ukucwangciswa kobukhulu obusebenzayo kuthintela ukulibaziseka kokuthunyelwa, iindleko ezongezelelweyo, okanye ukwaliwa. Sebenzisana kwangethuba nabathengi, abathumeli bempahla, kunye namaqela okufakela.